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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dukungan keluarga, masyarakat dan pemerintah terhadap Penyandang Disabilitas Mental (PDM) dengan riwayat pasung dalam rangka Gerakan Stop Pemasungan tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan responden 32 orang kepala keluarga yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapati : (1) dukungan keluarga pada PDM yang lepas pasung selalu lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan dukungan pada PDM yang sedang dipasung. (2) dukungan emosional dari keluarga pada PDM yang lepas pasung berada lebih tinggi dibandingkan dukungan lainnya (dukungan instrumental, informasi dan penghargaan). (3) dukungan keluarga PDM pasung rata-rata masih rendah tetapi secara umum sudah dalam kategori sedang. Masyarakat belum mendukung keluarga atau PDM. Mereka tidak mau bertanggung jawab terhadap PDM bila dilepas pasungnya. Rendahnya dukungan masyarakat pada kasus-kasus yang terjadi disebabkan karena mereka belum memahami cara pendekatan dan pemulihan atau rehabilitasi sosial pada PDM. Hanya propinsi NTB yang sudah memiliki peraturan gubernur terkait pencegahan dan penanganan pasung. Kalimantan selatan dan Sumatera Barat belum mempunyai regulasi. Selain itu sebagai implementasi dari dilaksanakannya MoU pencegahan dan penanganan pasung, pada lokasi penelitian hanya dinas sosial dan dinas kesehatan saja yang melakukan koordinasi. Tiga instasi lain (Dukcapil, Kepolisian dan BPJS) belum melaksanakan dan bahkan tidak mengetahui adanya MoU. Kerjasama tiga pihak (keluarga, masyarakat dan pemerintah) sangat penting untuk mensukseskan program Gerakan Stop Pemasungan tahun 2019.
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Kata Kunci : penyandang disabilitas mental, pasung, dukungan keluarga, dukungan masyarakat, dukungan pemerintah.
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Abstract
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This study aims to analyze the support of family, community and government against Mental Disabled Persons (PDM) with history of pasung in the framework of the Stop Gerakan Pemasungan tahun 2019. This study used survey method with 32 respondents head of household selected with purposive sampling technique. The results of the study found: (1) family support on PDM loose stocks was always higher than support for PDM being depleted. (2) the emotional support of the family on the loose PDM is higher than the other support (instrumental support, information and rewards). (3) the support of PDM family of the average is still low but generally it is in the medium category. The community has not supported the family or PDM. They do not want to be responsible for the PDM when it is released its stock. The lack of community support in cases that occurred because they do not understand how to approach and recovery or social rehabilitation in PDM. Only NTB province that already has governor regulations related to the prevention and handling of the market. South Kalimantan and West Sumatra have no regulation yet. In addition, as the implementation of the implementation of the MoU on prevention and handling of the post, at the location of the study only the social service and the health office that coordinates. Three other instances (Dukcapil, Police and BPJS) have not implemented and do not even know the existence of MoU. Three-party cooperation (family, community and government) is crucial to the success of Stop Gerakan Pemasungan 2019 program.
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Keywords: persons with mental disabilities, pasca, family support, community support, government support
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