Refugees Repatriation Process to The Country of Origin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31105/mipks.v39i1.541Abstract
Refugees is a polsekbud phenomenon involving the fleeing of myriad of people with heterogeneous ethnic and cultural in country of origin to another country by their own facet of lives. This research is motivated by the desire to find how the process of return refugees to their country of origin.This research is a kind of library research in which combined between quantitative and qualitative approach complementary. Research findings indicate the global number of refugees in period of years 1993-2013 is fluctuative. The global number of refugees experiencing important decreases during 2007-2011 were 0.1 percent, 1.2 percent, 2percent, 2.1 percent and 2.2 percent respectively. While in 2012 and 2013 has risen to 13 percent and 17 percent respectively. Major countries of origins of refugees were Afghanistan, Sudan, Burundi, Republic. Democratic of Congo, Palestine, Somalia, Vietnam, Liberia, and Angola. Most of these refugees tend to move across relatively short distances, finding primarily asylum in their neighbouring countries. In the year 2001-2007, major countries of asylum of refugees were Pakistan, Rep. Islamic of Iran, Rep. Arab Syria, Germany, Jordania, Republic. United of Tanzania, and Chad. Refugees mainly were womens, children, toddler, and older people. There were 51 percent for women refugees, children age less than 18 years old were 10 percent, toddler 10 percent, and older people 7 percent. The process of international refugee return to the country of origin is influenced by two factors, internal factors such as information obtained about the condition of their country origin and external factors such as the condition of the country of asylum.References
Alhabo, Mahamat and Madi Passang. (2004). “Socio-Economic Aspects of Repatriation Assistance: The Case of Chad.†Paper Presented at the Symposium on Social and Economic Aspects of Mass Voluntary Return of Refugees From One African Country to Another. Harare, Zimbabwe: UNRISD. (March)
Assefaw, Ato Techliwoini. (1992). “Participatory Relief Management: The Experience of the Relief Society of Tigray.†Makalah dipersentasikan pada the International Symposium on Refugee Repatriation During Conflict: A New Conventional Wisdom. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: The Center for the Study of Societies in Crisis. (Oktober).
Bakwesegha, Chris. (1995). “Forced Migration in Africa and the OAU Convention.†Hal. 3-20 in African Refugees: Development Aid and Repatriation, edited by Howard Adelman and John Sorenson. North York, Ontario: York Lanes Press.
Barnett, Laura, (2002), Global governance and the evolution of the international refugee regime. UNHCR, Februari.
Bouhouche, Ammar. (1991). “The Return and Reintegration of the Algerian Refugees Following the Independence of Algeria.†Makalah dipresentasikan pada the Symposium on Social and Economic Aspects of Mass Voluntary Return of Refugees From One African Country to Another. Harare, Zimbabwe: UNRISD. (Maret)
Braeckman, Colette. (1987). “Returning to the Ogaden.†Refugees April: 31-32.
Brazeau, Ann. (1992). “Repatriation and Refugee Women.†Makalah dipresentasikan pada the International Symposium on Refugee Repatriation During Conflict: A New Conventional Wisdom. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: The Center for the Study of Societies in Crisis. (October)
_______. (1995). “Refugee Women and Repatriation During Conflict.†Hal. 63-75 pada Refugee Repatriation During Conflict: A New Conventional Wisdom, edited by Barry Stein, Fred Cuny and Pat Reed. Dallas, Texas: The Center for the Study of Societies in Crisis.
Bramwell, Anna C. ed., (1988), Refugees in the Age of Total War. London: Unwin Hyman.
Chambers, Robert. (1979). “Rural Refugees in Africa: What the Eye Does Not See.†Disasters 3(4): 381-392.
_______. (1982). “Rural Refugees in Africa: Past Experience, Future Pointers.†Disasters 6(1): 21-30.
_______. (1983). Rural Development: Putting the Last First. Harlow, U. K.: Longman Scientific and Technical.
Christina Boswell and Jeff Crisp.(2004), “Poverty, International Migration and Asylumâ€. United Nations, WIDER.
Collins, John,S, (1996),“An analysis of the Voluntariness of refugee repatriation in Africaâ€, UNHCR.
Crisp, Jeff and Rachel Ayling. (1985). Ugandan Refugees in Sudan and Zaire. London: British Refugee Council.
Crisp, Jeff ,(1995), The State of the World’s Refugees: In Search of Solutions. Oxford: UNHCR and Oxford University Press.
Crisp, Jeff. (1995). The State of the World’s Refugees: In Search of Solutions. Oxford: UNHCR and Oxford University Press.
. (2000),“Africa’s Refugees: Patterns, Problems and Policy Challengesâ€, New Issues in Refugee Research, Working Paper No. 28, August.
______. (2001),“Mind the Gap! UNHCR, humanitarian assistance and the development processâ€, New Issues in Refugee Research, Working Paper No. 43, May.
.(2001), “Mind the gap! Humanitarian assistance, the development process and UNHCR.†International Migration Review 35.133.
_______. (2001). “The Politics of Repatriation: Ethiopian Refugees in Djibouti, 1998-01.†Review of African Political Economy 30: 73-83.
. “No Solutions in Sight: the Problem of Protracted Refugee Situations in Africaâ€. Working Paper No. 75 Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit, UNHCR, Geneva (2003a).
Tersedia: http://www.unhcr.org/research/RESEARCH/3e2d66c34.pdf
. “Refugees and the Global Politics of Asylum.†Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit, UNHCR, Geneva (20013b).
.(2013) “Why do we know so little about refugees? How can we learn more?†in, Forced Migration Review:18. UNHCR.
