Social Resilience and Forest Ecology Change: A study on around forest society in Simalungun District
Main Article Content
Abstract
forest ecology change brings much impact to forest function capacity which implies to the decreasing of its function capacity in providing environment service and economic resources. The life of around forest society can continue if their social resilience is able to cope with the change. This research is aimed to study forest area condition in Simalungun District and that of its society’s dependency level on forest resources. It used a qualitative approach and the technique of collecting data was conducted by using indepth interview, focus group discussion (FGD) and observation. The result of the research shows that the society involvement in managing forest resources has not been significant though the government has opened the scheme of doing so as an effort to improve the forest society welfare and to enhance their social resilience.
Article Details
Jurnal Penelitian Kesejahteraan Sosial is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Â
References
Adger, W. N., N. Kelly, N., dan Ninh, N. H. (2001). “Environment, Society, and Precipitous Changeâ€. Dalam
W. N. Adger, N. Kelly, dan N. H. Ninh (Editors) Living with Environmental Change: Social Vulnerability, Adaptation, and Resilinece in Vietnam. London and New York: Routledge. Hlm.: 3-18.
Aminah (1995). Analisis Dimensi Sengketa dan Dinamik serta Identifikasi Strategi Penyelesaiannya (Kasus PT.Inti Indorayon Utama). Fakultas Hukum Universitas Diponegoro.
Adger, W. N., dan Kelly, N. (2001). “Social Vulnerabilityand
Resilienceâ€. W. N. Adger, N. Kelly, dan N. H. Ninh (Editors) Living with Environmental Change: Social Vulnerability, Adaptation, and Resilinece in Vietnam. London and New York: Routledge. Hlm.: 19-34.
Braatz,S. (2012). “Building Resilience for Adaptation to Climate Change through Sustainable Forest Managementâ€. Dalam A. Meybeck, J. Lankoski, S. Redfern, N. Azzu, dan V. Gitz (Editors) Building Resilience for Adaptation to Climate Change in the Agriculture Sector. Proceedings of a Joint FAO/OECD Workshop 23–24 April 2012. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) or the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
Hlm.: 117-127.
Blaikie, P. (1985). The Political Economy of Soil Erosion in Developing Countries. London and New York: Longman
Dishut (2015). Laporan Keterangan Pertanggungjawaban Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Medan: Dinas Kehutanan Provinsi Sumatera Utara 2015.
Forest Watch Indonesia (2014).Potret Keadaan Hutan Indonesia Periode Tahun 2009-2013. Bogor, Indonesia:
Forest Watch Indonesia
Forest Watch Indonesia (2011). Potret Keadaan Hutan Indonesia Periode Tahun 2000-2009. Bogor, Indonesia:
Forest Watch Indonesia.
Giddens, A. (1990). The Consequences of Modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press.
IKEGAMI, S. (1997). “Tuak dalam Masyarakat Batak Toba: Laporan Singkat tentang Aspek Sosial-budaya Penggunaan Nira†(Tuak in the Toba Batak Society: A Preliminary Report on the Socio-cultural Aspect of Palm Wine Consumption). Annual Report of the University of Shizuoka, Hamamatsu College No.11-3, 1997, Part 5.
Makura-Paradza, G. G. (2010). Single Woman, Land and Livelihood Vulnerability in a Communal Area in Zimbabwe
African women leaders in agriculture and the environment AWLAE SERIES No. 9. The Nederland: Wageningen Academic Publishers.
Mather, A. S. (1990). Global Forest Resources. Portland,
Oregon: Timber Press, Inc.
McMichael, P. 2004. Development and Social Change: a Global Perspective.3rd Edition. Thousand Oaks, California: Pine Forge Press.
Pearce, D. W. (2001). “The Economic Value of Forest Ecosystemsâ€. Dalam Ecosystem Healts 7(4). Hlm:284-296.
Rizal HB.,A. (2012). “Sosiologi Kehutanan dalam Pengelolaan
Hutanâ€. Dalam InfoTeknis EBONI Vol.9 No.1, Oktober 2012. Hlm.:1-15.
Samuelson, L., Bengtsson, K., Celander, T., Johansson, O., Jägrud, L., Malmer, A., Mattsson, E., Schaaf, N., Svending, O., Tengberg, A. (2015). Water, Forests, People – building resilient landscapes. Report Nr. 36. Stockholm: Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI).
Sudiyono (2016). “Pengalaman Penelitian Bersama John Habaâ€. Dalam R. Siburian (Editor) Beta Orang Kupang: Mengenal John Haba Lewat Para Sahabat. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia. Hlm.: 61-80.
Tengo, M. dan Heland, J. V. (2012). “Adaptive Capacity of Local Indigenous Institution: the Case of the Taboo Forests of Southern Madagascarâ€. Dalam E. Boyd dan C. Folke (Editors) Adapting Institution: Governance, Complexity and Social-Ecological Resilience.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hlm.: 37-74.
Ungar, M. (2012). “Social Ecologies and Their Contribution to Resilienceâ€. Dalam M. Ungar (Editor) The Social Ecology of Resilience A Handbook of Theory and Practice. New York, Dordrecht Heidelberg, London: Springer Hlm.: 13-31.
Zhang, Y. (2000). “Deforestation and Forest Transition: Theory and Evidence in Chinaâ€. Dalam M. Palo and H. Vanhanen (eds.), World Forests from Deforestation to Transition? Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Hlm.: 41-65.
Website:
http://www.medanbagus.com/read/2014/02/14/21796/Kadishut-Simalungun:-Sitahoan-Bukan-Kawasan-Hutan. 2014. “Kadishut Simalungun: Sitahoan Bukan Kawasan Hutanâ€. (Akses 14 Juni 2016).
http://www.hariansib.co/view/Headlines/14394/-MABatalkan-
SK-Menhut-No--44-2005-Tentang-Penunjukan-Kawasan-Hutan-di-Sumut.html. Akses11 Mei 2016.
Footnotes
Presiden Suharto berkuasa selama 32 tahun, mulai tahun
sampai 1998.
Hasil wawancara dengan Simamora, 28 April 2016.
Sumber:http://www.hariansib.co/view/Headlines/14394/-MA-Batalkan-SK-Menhut-No--44-2005-Tentang-PenunjukanKawasan-Hutan-di-Sumut.html. Akses 11 Mei 2016.
Sumber: Bahan Kata Sambutan Gubernur Sumatera Utara pada Rapat Monitoring dan Evaluasi Gerakan Nasional Penyelamatan Sumberdaya Alam Indonesia Sektor Kehutanan dan Perkebunan pada 2015.
hanya di kampung halaman di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, tetapi juga di daerah-daerah lain di Indonesia tempat komunitas
orang Batak berada. Pengalaman saya di Desa Kerta Buana, Kabupaten Tenggarong, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur, saya juga menemukan kedai orang Batak yang menyediakan tuak. Mereka yang minum tuak di kedai itu tidak saja orang Batak, tetapi juga penduduk setempat, yaitu Bali (transmigran) dan Dayak. Hasil wawancara dengan Saragih di Nagori Ujung Nauli, 28 April 2016).
Wawancara dengan Sinaga, kampung Dolok Saribu,28 April 2016.