KOMPLEKSITAS PERMASALAHAN KEMISKINAN DAN LINGKARAN KONSUMSI TEMBAKAU DI INDONESIA
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Abstract
Sustainable development goal (SDGs) 1 adalah pengentasan kemiskinan dalam segala bentuk di manapun. Memahami kondisi kemiskinan di Indonesia merupakan dasar menetapkan kebijakan efektif untuk mengurangi kemiskinan. Daftar komoditi garis kemiskinan di Indonesia menempatkan porsi konsumsi tembakau pada urutan kedua. Konsumsi tembakau jelas terkait dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas, sementara konsumsi tembakau tidak dapat dijelaskan manfaatnya. Bukti konsumsi tembakau berkontribusi meningkatkan kemiskinan diperlukan untuk mendukung kenaikan tarif cukai hasil tembakau sebagai alat pengendalian konsumsi tembakau yang efektif. Menggunakan literatur yang relevan dan dilengkapi regresi data panel, tulisan ini bertujuan memberikan ulasan dan gambaran untuk menjelaskan kontribusi konsumsi tembakau terhadap peningkatan kemiskinan di Indonesia melalui lingkaran konsumsi tembakau dan kemiskinan. Hasil kajian beberapa literatur memberikan bukti yang menjelaskan kontribusi konsumsi tembakau meningkatkan kemiskinan. Selanjutnya, hasil analisis data memberikan tambahan bukti yang menjelaskan kontribusi konsumsi tembakau meningkatkan kemiskinan di Indonesia. Konsumsi tembakau mengurangi investasi rumah tangga di bidang kesehatan dan pendidikan. Kesehatan berpengaruh positif terhadap kemiskinan dan pendidikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap kemiskinan. Bukti menarik lainnya adalah konsumsi tembakau lebih besar pada anggota rumah tangga berpenghasilan rendah.
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